Catholicism - Revision history

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	:; [http://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/congregations/cfaith/documents/rc_con_cfaith_doc_20070629_commento-responsa_en.html "Commentary on the Document 'Responses to Some Questions Regarding Certain Aspects of the Doctrine of the Church.'"]		:; [http://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/congregations/cfaith/documents/rc_con_cfaith_doc_20070629_commento-responsa_en.html "Commentary on the Document 'Responses to Some Questions Regarding Certain Aspects of the Doctrine of the Church.'"]

	:: In response to Boff’s assertion that the one Church of Christ “is able to subsist in other Christian Churches”, the Notification states that “the Council chose the word “subsistit” specifically to clarify that the true Church has only one “subsistence”, while outside her visible boundaries there are only “elementa Ecclesiae” which ~~â€“~~ being elements of the same Church ~~â€“~~ tend and lead to the Catholic Church.”<ref>Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, Notification on the book of Father Leonardo Boff: “The Church: charism and power”: AAS 77 (1985) 758-759. This passage of the Notification, although not formally quoted in the “Responsum”, is found fully cited in the Declaration [http://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/congregations/cfaith/documents/rc_con_cfaith_doc_20000806_dominus-iesus_en.html ''Dominus Iesus'',] in note 56 of n. 16.</ref>		:: In response to Boff’s assertion that the one Church of Christ “is able to subsist in other Christian Churches”, the Notification states that “the Council chose the word “subsistit” specifically to clarify that the true Church has only one “subsistence”, while outside her visible boundaries there are only “elementa Ecclesiae” which - being elements of the same Church - tend and lead to the Catholic Church.”<ref>Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, Notification on the book of Father Leonardo Boff: “The Church: charism and power”: AAS 77 (1985) 758-759. This passage of the Notification, although not formally quoted in the “Responsum”, is found fully cited in the Declaration [http://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/congregations/cfaith/documents/rc_con_cfaith_doc_20000806_dominus-iesus_en.html ''Dominus Iesus'',] in note 56 of n. 16.</ref>

	:: It is precisely this change of terminology in the description of the relationship between the Church of Christ and the Catholic Church which has given rise to the most varied interpretations, above all in the field of ecumenism. In reality, the Council Fathers simply intended to recognise the presence of ecclesial elements proper to the Church of Christ in the non-Catholic Christian communities. It does not follow that the identification of the Church of Christ with the Catholic Church no longer holds, nor that outside the Catholic Church there is a complete absence of ecclesial elements, a “churchless void”. What it does mean is that if the expression “subsistit in” is considered in its true context, namely in reference to the Church of Christ “constituted and organised in this world as a societyâ€¦ governed by the successor of Peter and by the Bishops in communion with him”, then the change from est to subsistit in takes on no particular theological significance of discontinuity with previously held Catholic doctrine.		:: It is precisely this change of terminology in the description of the relationship between the Church of Christ and the Catholic Church which has given rise to the most varied interpretations, above all in the field of ecumenism. In reality, the Council Fathers simply intended to recognise the presence of ecclesial elements proper to the Church of Christ in the non-Catholic Christian communities. It does not follow that the identification of the Church of Christ with the Catholic Church no longer holds, nor that outside the Catholic Church there is a complete absence of ecclesial elements, a “churchless void”. What it does mean is that if the expression “subsistit in” is considered in its true context, namely in reference to the Church of Christ “constituted and organised in this world as a societyâ€¦ governed by the successor of Peter and by the Bishops in communion with him”, then the change from est to subsistit in takes on no particular theological significance of discontinuity with previously held Catholic doctrine.

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	::: Christ “established here on earth” only one Church and instituted it as a “visible and spiritual community”,<ref>Cf. Second Vatican Council, Dogmatic Constitution [http://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/vat-ii_const_19641121_lumen-gentium_en.html ''Lumen gentium'',] 8.1.</ref> that from its beginning and throughout the centuries has always existed and will always exist, and in which alone are found all the elements that Christ himself instituted.<ref>Cf. Second Vatican Council, Decree [http://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/vat-ii_decree_19641121_unitatis-redintegratio_en.html ''Unitatis redintegratio'',] 3.2; 3.4; 3.5; 4.6.</ref> “This one Church of Christ, which we confess in the Creed as one, holy, catholic and apostolic [â€¦]. This Church, constituted and organised in this world as a society, subsists in the Catholic Church, governed by the successor of Peter and the Bishops in communion with him”.<ref>Second Vatican Council, Dogmatic Constitution, [http://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/vat-ii_const_19641121_lumen-gentium_en.html ''Lumen gentium'',] 8.2.</ref>		::: Christ “established here on earth” only one Church and instituted it as a “visible and spiritual community”,<ref>Cf. Second Vatican Council, Dogmatic Constitution [http://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/vat-ii_const_19641121_lumen-gentium_en.html ''Lumen gentium'',] 8.1.</ref> that from its beginning and throughout the centuries has always existed and will always exist, and in which alone are found all the elements that Christ himself instituted.<ref>Cf. Second Vatican Council, Decree [http://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/vat-ii_decree_19641121_unitatis-redintegratio_en.html ''Unitatis redintegratio'',] 3.2; 3.4; 3.5; 4.6.</ref> “This one Church of Christ, which we confess in the Creed as one, holy, catholic and apostolic [â€¦]. This Church, constituted and organised in this world as a society, subsists in the Catholic Church, governed by the successor of Peter and the Bishops in communion with him”.<ref>Second Vatican Council, Dogmatic Constitution, [http://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/vat-ii_const_19641121_lumen-gentium_en.html ''Lumen gentium'',] 8.2.</ref>

	::: In number 8 of the Dogmatic Constitution Lumen gentium ~~â€˜subsistence’~~ means this perduring, historical continuity and the permanence of all the elements instituted by Christ in the Catholic Church,<ref>Cf. Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, Declaration ''Mysterium Ecclesiae'', 1.1: AAS 65 [1973] 397; Declaration [http://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/congregations/cfaith/documents/rc_con_cfaith_doc_20000806_dominus-iesus_en.html ''Dominus Iesus'',] 16.3: AAS 92 [2000-II] 757-758; Notification on the Book of Leonardo Boff, OFM, “Church: Charism and Power”: AAS 77 [1985] 758-759.</ref> in which the Church of Christ is concretely found on this earth.		::: In number 8 of the Dogmatic Constitution Lumen gentium ‘subsistence’ means this perduring, historical continuity and the permanence of all the elements instituted by Christ in the Catholic Church,<ref>Cf. Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, Declaration ''Mysterium Ecclesiae'', 1.1: AAS 65 [1973] 397; Declaration [http://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/congregations/cfaith/documents/rc_con_cfaith_doc_20000806_dominus-iesus_en.html ''Dominus Iesus'',] 16.3: AAS 92 [2000-II] 757-758; Notification on the Book of Leonardo Boff, OFM, “Church: Charism and Power”: AAS 77 [1985] 758-759.</ref> in which the Church of Christ is concretely found on this earth.

	::: It is possible, according to Catholic doctrine, to affirm correctly that the Church of Christ is present and operative in the churches and ecclesial Communities not yet fully in communion with the Catholic Church, on account of the elements of sanctification and truth that are present in them.<ref>Cf. John Paul II, Encyclical Letter [http://www.vatican.va/edocs/ENG0221/_INDEX.HTM ''Ut unum sint'',] 11.3: AAS 87 [1995-II] 928.</ref> Nevertheless, the word “subsists” can only be attributed to the Catholic Church alone precisely because it refers to the mark of unity that we profess in the symbols of the faith (I believe... in the “one” Church); and this “one” Church subsists in the Catholic Church.[10]		::: It is possible, according to Catholic doctrine, to affirm correctly that the Church of Christ is present and operative in the churches and ecclesial Communities not yet fully in communion with the Catholic Church, on account of the elements of sanctification and truth that are present in them.<ref>Cf. John Paul II, Encyclical Letter [http://www.vatican.va/edocs/ENG0221/_INDEX.HTM ''Ut unum sint'',] 11.3: AAS 87 [1995-II] 928.</ref> Nevertheless, the word “subsists” can only be attributed to the Catholic Church alone precisely because it refers to the mark of unity that we profess in the symbols of the faith (I believe... in the “one” Church); and this “one” Church subsists in the Catholic Church.[10]

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	:; [http://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/congregations/cfaith/documents/rc_con_cfaith_doc_20070629_responsa-quaestiones_en.html "Responses to Some Questions Regarding Certain Aspects of the Doctrine on the Church."]		:; [http://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/congregations/cfaith/documents/rc_con_cfaith_doc_20070629_responsa-quaestiones_en.html "Responses to Some Questions Regarding Certain Aspects of the Doctrine on the Church."]

	:: Paul VI, promulgating the Constitution ''Lumen gentium'': ~~â€œThere~~ is no better comment to make than to say that this promulgation really changes nothing of the traditional doctrine. What Christ willed, we also will. What was, still is. What the Church has taught down through the centuries, we also teach. In simple terms that which was assumed, is now explicit; that which was uncertain, is now clarified; that which was meditated upon, discussed and sometimes argued over, is now put together in one clear formulation.”<ref>Paul VI, Address of 21 November 1964: ''AAS'' 56 [1964] 1009-1010.</ref>		:: Paul VI, promulgating the Constitution ''Lumen gentium'': “There is no better comment to make than to say that this promulgation really changes nothing of the traditional doctrine. What Christ willed, we also will. What was, still is. What the Church has taught down through the centuries, we also teach. In simple terms that which was assumed, is now explicit; that which was uncertain, is now clarified; that which was meditated upon, discussed and sometimes argued over, is now put together in one clear formulation.”<ref>Paul VI, Address of 21 November 1964: ''AAS'' 56 [1964] 1009-1010.</ref>

	:: The meaning of '''"subsists in"''':		:: The meaning of '''"subsists in"''':

	::: Christ ~~â€œestablished~~ here on earth” only one Church and instituted it as a ~~â€œvisible~~ and spiritual community”,<ref>Cf. Second Vatican Council, Dogmatic Constitution [http://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/vat-ii_const_19641121_lumen-gentium_en.html ''Lumen gentium'',] 8.1.</ref> that from its beginning and throughout the centuries has always existed and will always exist, and in which alone are found all the elements that Christ himself instituted.<ref>Cf. Second Vatican Council, Decree [http://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/vat-ii_decree_19641121_unitatis-redintegratio_en.html ''Unitatis redintegratio'',] 3.2; 3.4; 3.5; 4.6.</ref> ~~â€œThis~~ one Church of Christ, which we confess in the Creed as one, holy, catholic and apostolic [â€¦]. This Church, constituted and organised in this world as a society, subsists in the Catholic Church, governed by the successor of Peter and the Bishops in communion with him”.<ref>Second Vatican Council, Dogmatic Constitution, [http://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/vat-ii_const_19641121_lumen-gentium_en.html ''Lumen gentium'',] 8.2.</ref>		::: Christ “established here on earth” only one Church and instituted it as a “visible and spiritual community”,<ref>Cf. Second Vatican Council, Dogmatic Constitution [http://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/vat-ii_const_19641121_lumen-gentium_en.html ''Lumen gentium'',] 8.1.</ref> that from its beginning and throughout the centuries has always existed and will always exist, and in which alone are found all the elements that Christ himself instituted.<ref>Cf. Second Vatican Council, Decree [http://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/vat-ii_decree_19641121_unitatis-redintegratio_en.html ''Unitatis redintegratio'',] 3.2; 3.4; 3.5; 4.6.</ref> “This one Church of Christ, which we confess in the Creed as one, holy, catholic and apostolic [â€¦]. This Church, constituted and organised in this world as a society, subsists in the Catholic Church, governed by the successor of Peter and the Bishops in communion with him”.<ref>Second Vatican Council, Dogmatic Constitution, [http://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/vat-ii_const_19641121_lumen-gentium_en.html ''Lumen gentium'',] 8.2.</ref>

	::: In number 8 of the Dogmatic Constitution Lumen gentium â€˜subsistence’ means this perduring, historical continuity and the permanence of all the elements instituted by Christ in the Catholic Church,<ref>Cf. Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, Declaration ''Mysterium Ecclesiae'', 1.1: AAS 65 [1973] 397; Declaration [http://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/congregations/cfaith/documents/rc_con_cfaith_doc_20000806_dominus-iesus_en.html ''Dominus Iesus'',] 16.3: AAS 92 [2000-II] 757-758; Notification on the Book of Leonardo Boff, OFM, ~~â€œChurch~~: Charism and Power”: AAS 77 [1985] 758-759.</ref> in which the Church of Christ is concretely found on this earth.		::: In number 8 of the Dogmatic Constitution Lumen gentium â€˜subsistence’ means this perduring, historical continuity and the permanence of all the elements instituted by Christ in the Catholic Church,<ref>Cf. Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, Declaration ''Mysterium Ecclesiae'', 1.1: AAS 65 [1973] 397; Declaration [http://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/congregations/cfaith/documents/rc_con_cfaith_doc_20000806_dominus-iesus_en.html ''Dominus Iesus'',] 16.3: AAS 92 [2000-II] 757-758; Notification on the Book of Leonardo Boff, OFM, “Church: Charism and Power”: AAS 77 [1985] 758-759.</ref> in which the Church of Christ is concretely found on this earth.

	::: It is possible, according to Catholic doctrine, to affirm correctly that the Church of Christ is present and operative in the churches and ecclesial Communities not yet fully in communion with the Catholic Church, on account of the elements of sanctification and truth that are present in them.<ref>Cf. John Paul II, Encyclical Letter [http://www.vatican.va/edocs/ENG0221/_INDEX.HTM ''Ut unum sint'',] 11.3: AAS 87 [1995-II] 928.</ref> Nevertheless, the word ~~â€œsubsists”~~ can only be attributed to the Catholic Church alone precisely because it refers to the mark of unity that we profess in the symbols of the faith (I believe... in the ~~â€œone”~~ Church); and this ~~â€œone”~~ Church subsists in the Catholic Church.[10]		::: It is possible, according to Catholic doctrine, to affirm correctly that the Church of Christ is present and operative in the churches and ecclesial Communities not yet fully in communion with the Catholic Church, on account of the elements of sanctification and truth that are present in them.<ref>Cf. John Paul II, Encyclical Letter [http://www.vatican.va/edocs/ENG0221/_INDEX.HTM ''Ut unum sint'',] 11.3: AAS 87 [1995-II] 928.</ref> Nevertheless, the word “subsists” can only be attributed to the Catholic Church alone precisely because it refers to the mark of unity that we profess in the symbols of the faith (I believe... in the “one” Church); and this “one” Church subsists in the Catholic Church.[10]

	:; [http://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/congregations/cfaith/documents/rc_con_cfaith_doc_20070629_commento-responsa_en.html "Commentary on the Document 'Responses to Some Questions Regarding Certain Aspects of the Doctrine of the Church.'"]		:; [http://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/congregations/cfaith/documents/rc_con_cfaith_doc_20070629_commento-responsa_en.html "Commentary on the Document 'Responses to Some Questions Regarding Certain Aspects of the Doctrine of the Church.'"]

	:: In response to Boff’s assertion that the one Church of Christ ~~â€œis~~ able to subsist in other Christian Churches”, the Notification states that ~~â€œthe~~ Council chose the word ~~â€œsubsistit”~~ specifically to clarify that the true Church has only one ~~â€œsubsistence”~~, while outside her visible boundaries there are only ~~â€œelementa~~ Ecclesiae” which â€“ being elements of the same Church â€“ tend and lead to the Catholic Church.”<ref>Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, Notification on the book of Father Leonardo Boff: ~~â€œThe~~ Church: charism and power”: AAS 77 (1985) 758-759. This passage of the Notification, although not formally quoted in the ~~â€œResponsum”~~, is found fully cited in the Declaration [http://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/congregations/cfaith/documents/rc_con_cfaith_doc_20000806_dominus-iesus_en.html ''Dominus Iesus'',] in note 56 of n. 16.</ref>		:: In response to Boff’s assertion that the one Church of Christ “is able to subsist in other Christian Churches”, the Notification states that “the Council chose the word “subsistit” specifically to clarify that the true Church has only one “subsistence”, while outside her visible boundaries there are only “elementa Ecclesiae” which â€“ being elements of the same Church â€“ tend and lead to the Catholic Church.”<ref>Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, Notification on the book of Father Leonardo Boff: “The Church: charism and power”: AAS 77 (1985) 758-759. This passage of the Notification, although not formally quoted in the “Responsum”, is found fully cited in the Declaration [http://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/congregations/cfaith/documents/rc_con_cfaith_doc_20000806_dominus-iesus_en.html ''Dominus Iesus'',] in note 56 of n. 16.</ref>

	:: It is precisely this change of terminology in the description of the relationship between the Church of Christ and the Catholic Church which has given rise to the most varied interpretations, above all in the field of ecumenism. In reality, the Council Fathers simply intended to recognise the presence of ecclesial elements proper to the Church of Christ in the non-Catholic Christian communities. It does not follow that the identification of the Church of Christ with the Catholic Church no longer holds, nor that outside the Catholic Church there is a complete absence of ecclesial elements, a ~~â€œchurchless~~ void”. What it does mean is that if the expression ~~â€œsubsistit~~ in” is considered in its true context, namely in reference to the Church of Christ ~~â€œconstituted~~ and organised in this world as a societyâ€¦ governed by the successor of Peter and by the Bishops in communion with him”, then the change from est to subsistit in takes on no particular theological significance of discontinuity with previously held Catholic doctrine.		:: It is precisely this change of terminology in the description of the relationship between the Church of Christ and the Catholic Church which has given rise to the most varied interpretations, above all in the field of ecumenism. In reality, the Council Fathers simply intended to recognise the presence of ecclesial elements proper to the Church of Christ in the non-Catholic Christian communities. It does not follow that the identification of the Church of Christ with the Catholic Church no longer holds, nor that outside the Catholic Church there is a complete absence of ecclesial elements, a “churchless void”. What it does mean is that if the expression “subsistit in” is considered in its true context, namely in reference to the Church of Christ “constituted and organised in this world as a societyâ€¦ governed by the successor of Peter and by the Bishops in communion with him”, then the change from est to subsistit in takes on no particular theological significance of discontinuity with previously held Catholic doctrine.

	:: In fact, precisely because the Church willed by Christ actually continues to exist (subsistit in) in the Catholic Church, this continuity of subsistence implies an essential identity between the Church of Christ and the Catholic Church. The Council wished to teach that we encounter the Church of Jesus Christ as a concrete historical subject in the Catholic Church. The idea, therefore, that subsistence can somehow be multiplied does not express what was intended by the choice of the term ~~â€œsubsistit”~~. In choosing the word ~~â€œsubsistit”~~ the Council intended to express the singularity and non ~~â€œmultipliability”~~ of the Church of Christ: the Church exists as a unique historical reality.		:: In fact, precisely because the Church willed by Christ actually continues to exist (subsistit in) in the Catholic Church, this continuity of subsistence implies an essential identity between the Church of Christ and the Catholic Church. The Council wished to teach that we encounter the Church of Jesus Christ as a concrete historical subject in the Catholic Church. The idea, therefore, that subsistence can somehow be multiplied does not express what was intended by the choice of the term “subsistit”. In choosing the word “subsistit” the Council intended to express the singularity and non “multipliability” of the Church of Christ: the Church exists as a unique historical reality.

	:: Contrary to many unfounded interpretations, therefore, '''the change from ~~â€œest”~~ to ~~â€œsubsistit”~~ does not signify that the Catholic Church has ceased to regard herself as the one true Church of Christ.''' Rather it simply signifies a greater openness to the ecumenical desire to recognise truly ecclesial characteristics and dimensions in the Christian communities not in full communion with the Catholic Church, on account of the ~~â€œplura~~ elementa sanctificationis et veritatis”<ref>MXM: "Plura elementa sanctificationis et veritatis" means "many elements of sanctification and truth."</ref> present in them. Consequently, although there is only one Church which ~~â€œsubsists”~~ in one unique historical subject '''there are true ecclesial realities which exist beyond its visible boundaries.'''		:: Contrary to many unfounded interpretations, therefore, '''the change from “est” to “subsistit” does not signify that the Catholic Church has ceased to regard herself as the one true Church of Christ.''' Rather it simply signifies a greater openness to the ecumenical desire to recognise truly ecclesial characteristics and dimensions in the Christian communities not in full communion with the Catholic Church, on account of the “plura elementa sanctificationis et veritatis”<ref>MXM: "Plura elementa sanctificationis et veritatis" means "many elements of sanctification and truth."</ref> present in them. Consequently, although there is only one Church which “subsists” in one unique historical subject '''there are true ecclesial realities which exist beyond its visible boundaries.'''

	== References ==		== References ==

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	:; [http://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/congregations/cfaith/documents/rc_con_cfaith_doc_20070629_responsa-quaestiones_en.html "Responses to Some Questions Regarding Certain Aspects of the Doctrine on the Church."]		:; [http://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/congregations/cfaith/documents/rc_con_cfaith_doc_20070629_responsa-quaestiones_en.html "Responses to Some Questions Regarding Certain Aspects of the Doctrine on the Church."]

	:: Paul VI, promulgating the Constitution ''Lumen gentium'': â€œThere is no better comment to make than to say that this promulgation really changes nothing of the traditional doctrine. What Christ willed, we also will. What was, still is. What the Church has taught down through the centuries, we also teach. In simple terms that which was assumed, is now explicit; that which was uncertain, is now clarified; that which was meditated upon, discussed and sometimes argued over, is now put together in one clear formulation.~~â€~~<ref>Paul VI, Address of 21 November 1964: ''AAS'' 56 [1964] 1009-1010.</ref>		:: Paul VI, promulgating the Constitution ''Lumen gentium'': â€œThere is no better comment to make than to say that this promulgation really changes nothing of the traditional doctrine. What Christ willed, we also will. What was, still is. What the Church has taught down through the centuries, we also teach. In simple terms that which was assumed, is now explicit; that which was uncertain, is now clarified; that which was meditated upon, discussed and sometimes argued over, is now put together in one clear formulation.”<ref>Paul VI, Address of 21 November 1964: ''AAS'' 56 [1964] 1009-1010.</ref>

	:: The meaning of '''"subsists in"''':		:: The meaning of '''"subsists in"''':

	::: Christ â€œestablished here on ~~earthâ€~~ only one Church and instituted it as a â€œvisible and spiritual ~~communityâ€~~,<ref>Cf. Second Vatican Council, Dogmatic Constitution [http://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/vat-ii_const_19641121_lumen-gentium_en.html ''Lumen gentium'',] 8.1.</ref> that from its beginning and throughout the centuries has always existed and will always exist, and in which alone are found all the elements that Christ himself instituted.<ref>Cf. Second Vatican Council, Decree [http://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/vat-ii_decree_19641121_unitatis-redintegratio_en.html ''Unitatis redintegratio'',] 3.2; 3.4; 3.5; 4.6.</ref> â€œThis one Church of Christ, which we confess in the Creed as one, holy, catholic and apostolic [â€¦]. This Church, constituted and organised in this world as a society, subsists in the Catholic Church, governed by the successor of Peter and the Bishops in communion with ~~himâ€~~.<ref>Second Vatican Council, Dogmatic Constitution, [http://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/vat-ii_const_19641121_lumen-gentium_en.html ''Lumen gentium'',] 8.2.</ref>		::: Christ â€œestablished here on earth” only one Church and instituted it as a â€œvisible and spiritual community”,<ref>Cf. Second Vatican Council, Dogmatic Constitution [http://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/vat-ii_const_19641121_lumen-gentium_en.html ''Lumen gentium'',] 8.1.</ref> that from its beginning and throughout the centuries has always existed and will always exist, and in which alone are found all the elements that Christ himself instituted.<ref>Cf. Second Vatican Council, Decree [http://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/vat-ii_decree_19641121_unitatis-redintegratio_en.html ''Unitatis redintegratio'',] 3.2; 3.4; 3.5; 4.6.</ref> â€œThis one Church of Christ, which we confess in the Creed as one, holy, catholic and apostolic [â€¦]. This Church, constituted and organised in this world as a society, subsists in the Catholic Church, governed by the successor of Peter and the Bishops in communion with him”.<ref>Second Vatican Council, Dogmatic Constitution, [http://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/vat-ii_const_19641121_lumen-gentium_en.html ''Lumen gentium'',] 8.2.</ref>

	::: In number 8 of the Dogmatic Constitution Lumen gentium â€˜subsistence’ means this perduring, historical continuity and the permanence of all the elements instituted by Christ in the Catholic Church,<ref>Cf. Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, Declaration ''Mysterium Ecclesiae'', 1.1: AAS 65 [1973] 397; Declaration [http://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/congregations/cfaith/documents/rc_con_cfaith_doc_20000806_dominus-iesus_en.html ''Dominus Iesus'',] 16.3: AAS 92 [2000-II] 757-758; Notification on the Book of Leonardo Boff, OFM, â€œChurch: Charism and ~~Powerâ€~~: AAS 77 [1985] 758-759.</ref> in which the Church of Christ is concretely found on this earth.		::: In number 8 of the Dogmatic Constitution Lumen gentium â€˜subsistence’ means this perduring, historical continuity and the permanence of all the elements instituted by Christ in the Catholic Church,<ref>Cf. Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, Declaration ''Mysterium Ecclesiae'', 1.1: AAS 65 [1973] 397; Declaration [http://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/congregations/cfaith/documents/rc_con_cfaith_doc_20000806_dominus-iesus_en.html ''Dominus Iesus'',] 16.3: AAS 92 [2000-II] 757-758; Notification on the Book of Leonardo Boff, OFM, â€œChurch: Charism and Power”: AAS 77 [1985] 758-759.</ref> in which the Church of Christ is concretely found on this earth.

	::: It is possible, according to Catholic doctrine, to affirm correctly that the Church of Christ is present and operative in the churches and ecclesial Communities not yet fully in communion with the Catholic Church, on account of the elements of sanctification and truth that are present in them.<ref>Cf. John Paul II, Encyclical Letter [http://www.vatican.va/edocs/ENG0221/_INDEX.HTM ''Ut unum sint'',] 11.3: AAS 87 [1995-II] 928.</ref> Nevertheless, the word ~~â€œsubsistsâ€~~ can only be attributed to the Catholic Church alone precisely because it refers to the mark of unity that we profess in the symbols of the faith (I believe... in the ~~â€œoneâ€~~ Church); and this ~~â€œoneâ€~~ Church subsists in the Catholic Church.[10]		::: It is possible, according to Catholic doctrine, to affirm correctly that the Church of Christ is present and operative in the churches and ecclesial Communities not yet fully in communion with the Catholic Church, on account of the elements of sanctification and truth that are present in them.<ref>Cf. John Paul II, Encyclical Letter [http://www.vatican.va/edocs/ENG0221/_INDEX.HTM ''Ut unum sint'',] 11.3: AAS 87 [1995-II] 928.</ref> Nevertheless, the word â€œsubsists” can only be attributed to the Catholic Church alone precisely because it refers to the mark of unity that we profess in the symbols of the faith (I believe... in the â€œone” Church); and this â€œone” Church subsists in the Catholic Church.[10]

	:; [http://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/congregations/cfaith/documents/rc_con_cfaith_doc_20070629_commento-responsa_en.html "Commentary on the Document 'Responses to Some Questions Regarding Certain Aspects of the Doctrine of the Church.'"]		:; [http://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/congregations/cfaith/documents/rc_con_cfaith_doc_20070629_commento-responsa_en.html "Commentary on the Document 'Responses to Some Questions Regarding Certain Aspects of the Doctrine of the Church.'"]

	:: In response to Boff’s assertion that the one Church of Christ â€œis able to subsist in other Christian ~~Churchesâ€~~, the Notification states that â€œthe Council chose the word ~~â€œsubsistitâ€~~ specifically to clarify that the true Church has only one ~~â€œsubsistenceâ€~~, while outside her visible boundaries there are only â€œelementa ~~Ecclesiaeâ€~~ which â€“ being elements of the same Church â€“ tend and lead to the Catholic Church.~~â€~~<ref>Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, Notification on the book of Father Leonardo Boff: â€œThe Church: charism and ~~powerâ€~~: AAS 77 (1985) 758-759. This passage of the Notification, although not formally quoted in the ~~â€œResponsumâ€~~, is found fully cited in the Declaration [http://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/congregations/cfaith/documents/rc_con_cfaith_doc_20000806_dominus-iesus_en.html ''Dominus Iesus'',] in note 56 of n. 16.</ref>		:: In response to Boff’s assertion that the one Church of Christ â€œis able to subsist in other Christian Churches”, the Notification states that â€œthe Council chose the word â€œsubsistit” specifically to clarify that the true Church has only one â€œsubsistence”, while outside her visible boundaries there are only â€œelementa Ecclesiae” which â€“ being elements of the same Church â€“ tend and lead to the Catholic Church.”<ref>Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, Notification on the book of Father Leonardo Boff: â€œThe Church: charism and power”: AAS 77 (1985) 758-759. This passage of the Notification, although not formally quoted in the â€œResponsum”, is found fully cited in the Declaration [http://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/congregations/cfaith/documents/rc_con_cfaith_doc_20000806_dominus-iesus_en.html ''Dominus Iesus'',] in note 56 of n. 16.</ref>

	:: It is precisely this change of terminology in the description of the relationship between the Church of Christ and the Catholic Church which has given rise to the most varied interpretations, above all in the field of ecumenism. In reality, the Council Fathers simply intended to recognise the presence of ecclesial elements proper to the Church of Christ in the non-Catholic Christian communities. It does not follow that the identification of the Church of Christ with the Catholic Church no longer holds, nor that outside the Catholic Church there is a complete absence of ecclesial elements, a â€œchurchless ~~voidâ€~~. What it does mean is that if the expression â€œsubsistit ~~inâ€~~ is considered in its true context, namely in reference to the Church of Christ â€œconstituted and organised in this world as a societyâ€¦ governed by the successor of Peter and by the Bishops in communion with ~~himâ€~~, then the change from est to subsistit in takes on no particular theological significance of discontinuity with previously held Catholic doctrine.		:: It is precisely this change of terminology in the description of the relationship between the Church of Christ and the Catholic Church which has given rise to the most varied interpretations, above all in the field of ecumenism. In reality, the Council Fathers simply intended to recognise the presence of ecclesial elements proper to the Church of Christ in the non-Catholic Christian communities. It does not follow that the identification of the Church of Christ with the Catholic Church no longer holds, nor that outside the Catholic Church there is a complete absence of ecclesial elements, a â€œchurchless void”. What it does mean is that if the expression â€œsubsistit in” is considered in its true context, namely in reference to the Church of Christ â€œconstituted and organised in this world as a societyâ€¦ governed by the successor of Peter and by the Bishops in communion with him”, then the change from est to subsistit in takes on no particular theological significance of discontinuity with previously held Catholic doctrine.

	:: In fact, precisely because the Church willed by Christ actually continues to exist (subsistit in) in the Catholic Church, this continuity of subsistence implies an essential identity between the Church of Christ and the Catholic Church. The Council wished to teach that we encounter the Church of Jesus Christ as a concrete historical subject in the Catholic Church. The idea, therefore, that subsistence can somehow be multiplied does not express what was intended by the choice of the term ~~â€œsubsistitâ€~~. In choosing the word ~~â€œsubsistitâ€~~ the Council intended to express the singularity and non ~~â€œmultipliabilityâ€~~ of the Church of Christ: the Church exists as a unique historical reality.		:: In fact, precisely because the Church willed by Christ actually continues to exist (subsistit in) in the Catholic Church, this continuity of subsistence implies an essential identity between the Church of Christ and the Catholic Church. The Council wished to teach that we encounter the Church of Jesus Christ as a concrete historical subject in the Catholic Church. The idea, therefore, that subsistence can somehow be multiplied does not express what was intended by the choice of the term â€œsubsistit”. In choosing the word â€œsubsistit” the Council intended to express the singularity and non â€œmultipliability” of the Church of Christ: the Church exists as a unique historical reality.

	:: Contrary to many unfounded interpretations, therefore, '''the change from ~~â€œestâ€~~ to ~~â€œsubsistitâ€~~ does not signify that the Catholic Church has ceased to regard herself as the one true Church of Christ.''' Rather it simply signifies a greater openness to the ecumenical desire to recognise truly ecclesial characteristics and dimensions in the Christian communities not in full communion with the Catholic Church, on account of the â€œplura elementa sanctificationis et ~~veritatisâ€~~<ref>MXM: "Plura elementa sanctificationis et veritatis" means "many elements of sanctification and truth."</ref> present in them. Consequently, although there is only one Church which ~~â€œsubsistsâ€~~ in one unique historical subject '''there are true ecclesial realities which exist beyond its visible boundaries.'''		:: Contrary to many unfounded interpretations, therefore, '''the change from â€œest” to â€œsubsistit” does not signify that the Catholic Church has ceased to regard herself as the one true Church of Christ.''' Rather it simply signifies a greater openness to the ecumenical desire to recognise truly ecclesial characteristics and dimensions in the Christian communities not in full communion with the Catholic Church, on account of the â€œplura elementa sanctificationis et veritatis”<ref>MXM: "Plura elementa sanctificationis et veritatis" means "many elements of sanctification and truth."</ref> present in them. Consequently, although there is only one Church which â€œsubsists” in one unique historical subject '''there are true ecclesial realities which exist beyond its visible boundaries.'''

	== References ==		== References ==

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← Older revision		Revision as of 11:20, 10 December 2022
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	::: Christ â€œestablished here on earthâ€ only one Church and instituted it as a â€œvisible and spiritual communityâ€,<ref>Cf. Second Vatican Council, Dogmatic Constitution [http://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/vat-ii_const_19641121_lumen-gentium_en.html ''Lumen gentium'',] 8.1.</ref> that from its beginning and throughout the centuries has always existed and will always exist, and in which alone are found all the elements that Christ himself instituted.<ref>Cf. Second Vatican Council, Decree [http://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/vat-ii_decree_19641121_unitatis-redintegratio_en.html ''Unitatis redintegratio'',] 3.2; 3.4; 3.5; 4.6.</ref> â€œThis one Church of Christ, which we confess in the Creed as one, holy, catholic and apostolic [â€¦]. This Church, constituted and organised in this world as a society, subsists in the Catholic Church, governed by the successor of Peter and the Bishops in communion with himâ€.<ref>Second Vatican Council, Dogmatic Constitution, [http://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/vat-ii_const_19641121_lumen-gentium_en.html ''Lumen gentium'',] 8.2.</ref>		::: Christ â€œestablished here on earthâ€ only one Church and instituted it as a â€œvisible and spiritual communityâ€,<ref>Cf. Second Vatican Council, Dogmatic Constitution [http://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/vat-ii_const_19641121_lumen-gentium_en.html ''Lumen gentium'',] 8.1.</ref> that from its beginning and throughout the centuries has always existed and will always exist, and in which alone are found all the elements that Christ himself instituted.<ref>Cf. Second Vatican Council, Decree [http://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/vat-ii_decree_19641121_unitatis-redintegratio_en.html ''Unitatis redintegratio'',] 3.2; 3.4; 3.5; 4.6.</ref> â€œThis one Church of Christ, which we confess in the Creed as one, holy, catholic and apostolic [â€¦]. This Church, constituted and organised in this world as a society, subsists in the Catholic Church, governed by the successor of Peter and the Bishops in communion with himâ€.<ref>Second Vatican Council, Dogmatic Constitution, [http://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/vat-ii_const_19641121_lumen-gentium_en.html ''Lumen gentium'',] 8.2.</ref>

	::: In number 8 of the Dogmatic Constitution Lumen gentium ~~â€˜subsistenceâ€™~~ means this perduring, historical continuity and the permanence of all the elements instituted by Christ in the Catholic Church,<ref>Cf. Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, Declaration ''Mysterium Ecclesiae'', 1.1: AAS 65 [1973] 397; Declaration [http://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/congregations/cfaith/documents/rc_con_cfaith_doc_20000806_dominus-iesus_en.html ''Dominus Iesus'',] 16.3: AAS 92 [2000-II] 757-758; Notification on the Book of Leonardo Boff, OFM, â€œChurch: Charism and Powerâ€: AAS 77 [1985] 758-759.</ref> in which the Church of Christ is concretely found on this earth.		::: In number 8 of the Dogmatic Constitution Lumen gentium â€˜subsistence’ means this perduring, historical continuity and the permanence of all the elements instituted by Christ in the Catholic Church,<ref>Cf. Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, Declaration ''Mysterium Ecclesiae'', 1.1: AAS 65 [1973] 397; Declaration [http://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/congregations/cfaith/documents/rc_con_cfaith_doc_20000806_dominus-iesus_en.html ''Dominus Iesus'',] 16.3: AAS 92 [2000-II] 757-758; Notification on the Book of Leonardo Boff, OFM, â€œChurch: Charism and Powerâ€: AAS 77 [1985] 758-759.</ref> in which the Church of Christ is concretely found on this earth.

	::: It is possible, according to Catholic doctrine, to affirm correctly that the Church of Christ is present and operative in the churches and ecclesial Communities not yet fully in communion with the Catholic Church, on account of the elements of sanctification and truth that are present in them.<ref>Cf. John Paul II, Encyclical Letter [http://www.vatican.va/edocs/ENG0221/_INDEX.HTM ''Ut unum sint'',] 11.3: AAS 87 [1995-II] 928.</ref> Nevertheless, the word â€œsubsistsâ€ can only be attributed to the Catholic Church alone precisely because it refers to the mark of unity that we profess in the symbols of the faith (I believe... in the â€œoneâ€ Church); and this â€œoneâ€ Church subsists in the Catholic Church.[10]		::: It is possible, according to Catholic doctrine, to affirm correctly that the Church of Christ is present and operative in the churches and ecclesial Communities not yet fully in communion with the Catholic Church, on account of the elements of sanctification and truth that are present in them.<ref>Cf. John Paul II, Encyclical Letter [http://www.vatican.va/edocs/ENG0221/_INDEX.HTM ''Ut unum sint'',] 11.3: AAS 87 [1995-II] 928.</ref> Nevertheless, the word â€œsubsistsâ€ can only be attributed to the Catholic Church alone precisely because it refers to the mark of unity that we profess in the symbols of the faith (I believe... in the â€œoneâ€ Church); and this â€œoneâ€ Church subsists in the Catholic Church.[10]
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	:; [http://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/congregations/cfaith/documents/rc_con_cfaith_doc_20070629_commento-responsa_en.html "Commentary on the Document 'Responses to Some Questions Regarding Certain Aspects of the Doctrine of the Church.'"]		:; [http://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/congregations/cfaith/documents/rc_con_cfaith_doc_20070629_commento-responsa_en.html "Commentary on the Document 'Responses to Some Questions Regarding Certain Aspects of the Doctrine of the Church.'"]

	:: In response to ~~Boffâ€™s~~ assertion that the one Church of Christ â€œis able to subsist in other Christian Churchesâ€, the Notification states that â€œthe Council chose the word â€œsubsistitâ€ specifically to clarify that the true Church has only one â€œsubsistenceâ€, while outside her visible boundaries there are only â€œelementa Ecclesiaeâ€ which â€“ being elements of the same Church â€“ tend and lead to the Catholic Church.â€<ref>Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, Notification on the book of Father Leonardo Boff: â€œThe Church: charism and powerâ€: AAS 77 (1985) 758-759. This passage of the Notification, although not formally quoted in the â€œResponsumâ€, is found fully cited in the Declaration [http://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/congregations/cfaith/documents/rc_con_cfaith_doc_20000806_dominus-iesus_en.html ''Dominus Iesus'',] in note 56 of n. 16.</ref>		:: In response to Boff’s assertion that the one Church of Christ â€œis able to subsist in other Christian Churchesâ€, the Notification states that â€œthe Council chose the word â€œsubsistitâ€ specifically to clarify that the true Church has only one â€œsubsistenceâ€, while outside her visible boundaries there are only â€œelementa Ecclesiaeâ€ which â€“ being elements of the same Church â€“ tend and lead to the Catholic Church.â€<ref>Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, Notification on the book of Father Leonardo Boff: â€œThe Church: charism and powerâ€: AAS 77 (1985) 758-759. This passage of the Notification, although not formally quoted in the â€œResponsumâ€, is found fully cited in the Declaration [http://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/congregations/cfaith/documents/rc_con_cfaith_doc_20000806_dominus-iesus_en.html ''Dominus Iesus'',] in note 56 of n. 16.</ref>

	:: It is precisely this change of terminology in the description of the relationship between the Church of Christ and the Catholic Church which has given rise to the most varied interpretations, above all in the field of ecumenism. In reality, the Council Fathers simply intended to recognise the presence of ecclesial elements proper to the Church of Christ in the non-Catholic Christian communities. It does not follow that the identification of the Church of Christ with the Catholic Church no longer holds, nor that outside the Catholic Church there is a complete absence of ecclesial elements, a â€œchurchless voidâ€. What it does mean is that if the expression â€œsubsistit inâ€ is considered in its true context, namely in reference to the Church of Christ â€œconstituted and organised in this world as a societyâ€¦ governed by the successor of Peter and by the Bishops in communion with himâ€, then the change from est to subsistit in takes on no particular theological significance of discontinuity with previously held Catholic doctrine.		:: It is precisely this change of terminology in the description of the relationship between the Church of Christ and the Catholic Church which has given rise to the most varied interpretations, above all in the field of ecumenism. In reality, the Council Fathers simply intended to recognise the presence of ecclesial elements proper to the Church of Christ in the non-Catholic Christian communities. It does not follow that the identification of the Church of Christ with the Catholic Church no longer holds, nor that outside the Catholic Church there is a complete absence of ecclesial elements, a â€œchurchless voidâ€. What it does mean is that if the expression â€œsubsistit inâ€ is considered in its true context, namely in reference to the Church of Christ â€œconstituted and organised in this world as a societyâ€¦ governed by the successor of Peter and by the Bishops in communion with himâ€, then the change from est to subsistit in takes on no particular theological significance of discontinuity with previously held Catholic doctrine.

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One true Church

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	::: It is possible, according to Catholic doctrine, to affirm correctly that the Church of Christ is present and operative in the churches and ecclesial Communities not yet fully in communion with the Catholic Church, on account of the elements of sanctification and truth that are present in them.<ref>Cf. John Paul II, Encyclical Letter [http://www.vatican.va/edocs/ENG0221/_INDEX.HTM ''Ut unum sint'',] 11.3: AAS 87 [1995-II] 928.</ref> Nevertheless, the word â€œsubsistsâ€ can only be attributed to the Catholic Church alone precisely because it refers to the mark of unity that we profess in the symbols of the faith (I believe... in the â€œoneâ€ Church); and this â€œoneâ€ Church subsists in the Catholic Church.[10]		::: It is possible, according to Catholic doctrine, to affirm correctly that the Church of Christ is present and operative in the churches and ecclesial Communities not yet fully in communion with the Catholic Church, on account of the elements of sanctification and truth that are present in them.<ref>Cf. John Paul II, Encyclical Letter [http://www.vatican.va/edocs/ENG0221/_INDEX.HTM ''Ut unum sint'',] 11.3: AAS 87 [1995-II] 928.</ref> Nevertheless, the word â€œsubsistsâ€ can only be attributed to the Catholic Church alone precisely because it refers to the mark of unity that we profess in the symbols of the faith (I believe... in the â€œoneâ€ Church); and this â€œoneâ€ Church subsists in the Catholic Church.[10]

			:; [http://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/congregations/cfaith/documents/rc_con_cfaith_doc_20070629_commento-responsa_en.html "Commentary on the Document 'Responses to Some Questions Regarding Certain Aspects of the Doctrine of the Church.'"]

			:: In response to Boffâ€™s assertion that the one Church of Christ â€œis able to subsist in other Christian Churchesâ€, the Notification states that â€œthe Council chose the word â€œsubsistitâ€ specifically to clarify that the true Church has only one â€œsubsistenceâ€, while outside her visible boundaries there are only â€œelementa Ecclesiaeâ€ which â€“ being elements of the same Church â€“ tend and lead to the Catholic Church.â€<ref>Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, Notification on the book of Father Leonardo Boff: â€œThe Church: charism and powerâ€: AAS 77 (1985) 758-759. This passage of the Notification, although not formally quoted in the â€œResponsumâ€, is found fully cited in the Declaration [http://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/congregations/cfaith/documents/rc_con_cfaith_doc_20000806_dominus-iesus_en.html ''Dominus Iesus'',] in note 56 of n. 16.</ref>

			:: It is precisely this change of terminology in the description of the relationship between the Church of Christ and the Catholic Church which has given rise to the most varied interpretations, above all in the field of ecumenism. In reality, the Council Fathers simply intended to recognise the presence of ecclesial elements proper to the Church of Christ in the non-Catholic Christian communities. It does not follow that the identification of the Church of Christ with the Catholic Church no longer holds, nor that outside the Catholic Church there is a complete absence of ecclesial elements, a â€œchurchless voidâ€. What it does mean is that if the expression â€œsubsistit inâ€ is considered in its true context, namely in reference to the Church of Christ â€œconstituted and organised in this world as a societyâ€¦ governed by the successor of Peter and by the Bishops in communion with himâ€, then the change from est to subsistit in takes on no particular theological significance of discontinuity with previously held Catholic doctrine.

			:: In fact, precisely because the Church willed by Christ actually continues to exist (subsistit in) in the Catholic Church, this continuity of subsistence implies an essential identity between the Church of Christ and the Catholic Church. The Council wished to teach that we encounter the Church of Jesus Christ as a concrete historical subject in the Catholic Church. The idea, therefore, that subsistence can somehow be multiplied does not express what was intended by the choice of the term â€œsubsistitâ€. In choosing the word â€œsubsistitâ€ the Council intended to express the singularity and non â€œmultipliabilityâ€ of the Church of Christ: the Church exists as a unique historical reality.

			:: Contrary to many unfounded interpretations, therefore, '''the change from â€œestâ€ to â€œsubsistitâ€ does not signify that the Catholic Church has ceased to regard herself as the one true Church of Christ.''' Rather it simply signifies a greater openness to the ecumenical desire to recognise truly ecclesial characteristics and dimensions in the Christian communities not in full communion with the Catholic Church, on account of the â€œplura elementa sanctificationis et veritatisâ€<ref>MXM: "Plura elementa sanctificationis et veritatis" means "many elements of sanctification and truth."</ref> present in them. Consequently, although there is only one Church which â€œsubsistsâ€ in one unique historical subject '''there are true ecclesial realities which exist beyond its visible boundaries.'''

	== References ==		== References ==

Mxmsj: /* Links */

2013-07-13T13:47:36Z

Links

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	* A partial map of [[Christian Schisms]].		* A partial map of [[Christian Schisms]].
	* [[NT\|Development of the Canon of the New Testament by the Catholic Church]].		* [[NT\|Development of the Canon of the New Testament by the Catholic Church]].
			* [http://www.ncregister.com/blog/jimmy-akin/is-the-catholic-church-the-one-true-church-5-things-to-know-and-share "Is the Catholic Church the one true Church? (7 things to know and share)."]

	[[Category:Church History]]		[[Category:Church History]]
	[[Category:Disputed Questions]]		[[Category:Disputed Questions]]
	[[Category:Ecclesiology]]		[[Category:Ecclesiology]]

Mxmsj at 13:46, 13 July 2013

2013-07-13T13:46:05Z

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	:: The Church is not Catholic because she is spread abroad over the whole of the earth and can reckon on a large number of members. She was already Catholic on the morning of Pentecost, when all her members could be contained in a small room, as she was when the Arian waves seemed on the point of swamping her; she would still be Catholic if tomorrow apostasy on a vast scale deprived her of almost all the faithful. For fundamentally Catholicity has nothing to do with geography or statistics. If it is true that it should be displayed over all the earth and be manifest to all, yet its nature is not material but spiritual. Like sanctity, Catholicity is primarily an intrinsic feature of the Church.		:: The Church is not Catholic because she is spread abroad over the whole of the earth and can reckon on a large number of members. She was already Catholic on the morning of Pentecost, when all her members could be contained in a small room, as she was when the Arian waves seemed on the point of swamping her; she would still be Catholic if tomorrow apostasy on a vast scale deprived her of almost all the faithful. For fundamentally Catholicity has nothing to do with geography or statistics. If it is true that it should be displayed over all the earth and be manifest to all, yet its nature is not material but spiritual. Like sanctity, Catholicity is primarily an intrinsic feature of the Church.

			== One true Church ==

			People become enraged at the Church's claim that she faithfully preserves the ''whole'' of the [[Deposit of Faith]]: all of the revelation given by Jesus to His disciples and all of the sacraments by which He intended to build, nourish, heal, cleanse, and sustain His Body on earth. To many, the Church's claim seems to be fascist or totalitarian; they perceive the Church's [[Magisterium\|teaching authority]] as a threat to their intellectual and spiritual freedom, and, as a general rule, they despise the Church's teachings on [[chastity]].

			The Body of Christ is bigger than the boundaries of the visible Church on earth.

			We are not saved or damned as members of a group. Not all Catholics go to Heaven; not all who are non-Catholic go to Hell.

			The doctrine that the Church is the one true Church on earth does not mean that everything about every other religion is false.

			Other world religions.

			Other forms of Christianity.

			There is [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extra_Ecclesiam_nulla_salus "No salvation outside the Church"] because [[Extra Jesum nulla salus\|there is no salvation outside of Jesus.]] The King Himself is the sole gate by which we may enter God's Kingdom [http://usccb.org/bible/john/10:7 (Jn 10:7).]

			:; [http://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/congregations/cfaith/documents/rc_con_cfaith_doc_20070629_responsa-quaestiones_en.html "Responses to Some Questions Regarding Certain Aspects of the Doctrine on the Church."]

			:: Paul VI, promulgating the Constitution ''Lumen gentium'': â€œThere is no better comment to make than to say that this promulgation really changes nothing of the traditional doctrine. What Christ willed, we also will. What was, still is. What the Church has taught down through the centuries, we also teach. In simple terms that which was assumed, is now explicit; that which was uncertain, is now clarified; that which was meditated upon, discussed and sometimes argued over, is now put together in one clear formulation.â€<ref>Paul VI, Address of 21 November 1964: ''AAS'' 56 [1964] 1009-1010.</ref>

			:: The meaning of '''"subsists in"''':

			::: Christ â€œestablished here on earthâ€ only one Church and instituted it as a â€œvisible and spiritual communityâ€,<ref>Cf. Second Vatican Council, Dogmatic Constitution [http://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/vat-ii_const_19641121_lumen-gentium_en.html ''Lumen gentium'',] 8.1.</ref> that from its beginning and throughout the centuries has always existed and will always exist, and in which alone are found all the elements that Christ himself instituted.<ref>Cf. Second Vatican Council, Decree [http://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/vat-ii_decree_19641121_unitatis-redintegratio_en.html ''Unitatis redintegratio'',] 3.2; 3.4; 3.5; 4.6.</ref> â€œThis one Church of Christ, which we confess in the Creed as one, holy, catholic and apostolic [â€¦]. This Church, constituted and organised in this world as a society, subsists in the Catholic Church, governed by the successor of Peter and the Bishops in communion with himâ€.<ref>Second Vatican Council, Dogmatic Constitution, [http://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/vat-ii_const_19641121_lumen-gentium_en.html ''Lumen gentium'',] 8.2.</ref>

			::: In number 8 of the Dogmatic Constitution Lumen gentium â€˜subsistenceâ€™ means this perduring, historical continuity and the permanence of all the elements instituted by Christ in the Catholic Church,<ref>Cf. Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, Declaration ''Mysterium Ecclesiae'', 1.1: AAS 65 [1973] 397; Declaration [http://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/congregations/cfaith/documents/rc_con_cfaith_doc_20000806_dominus-iesus_en.html ''Dominus Iesus'',] 16.3: AAS 92 [2000-II] 757-758; Notification on the Book of Leonardo Boff, OFM, â€œChurch: Charism and Powerâ€: AAS 77 [1985] 758-759.</ref> in which the Church of Christ is concretely found on this earth.

			::: It is possible, according to Catholic doctrine, to affirm correctly that the Church of Christ is present and operative in the churches and ecclesial Communities not yet fully in communion with the Catholic Church, on account of the elements of sanctification and truth that are present in them.<ref>Cf. John Paul II, Encyclical Letter [http://www.vatican.va/edocs/ENG0221/_INDEX.HTM ''Ut unum sint'',] 11.3: AAS 87 [1995-II] 928.</ref> Nevertheless, the word â€œsubsistsâ€ can only be attributed to the Catholic Church alone precisely because it refers to the mark of unity that we profess in the symbols of the faith (I believe... in the â€œoneâ€ Church); and this â€œoneâ€ Church subsists in the Catholic Church.[10]

	== References ==		== References ==

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	== Links ==		== Links ==
	* A partial map of Christian Schisms]].		* A partial map of [[Christian Schisms]].
	* [[NT\|Development of the Canon of the New Testament by the Catholic Church]].		* [[NT\|Development of the Canon of the New Testament by the Catholic Church]].

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	When Jesus ascended in Heaven, He left a Body, not a "book" (the Bible is really a library, not "a" book). The Body grew through oral tradition, first generating the writings, then collecting, preserving, and certifying them as sacred scripture. It is the combination of the 27 books of the New Testament plus the books of the [[Old Testament]] that gives us [["Bible" in the Bible\|"the Bible."]] So the Bible was produced by the Catholic Church. Whoever relies on the Bible is relying on the teaching authority of the Catholic Church.		When Jesus ascended in Heaven, He left a Body, not a "book" (the Bible is really a library, not "a" book). The Body grew through oral tradition, first generating the writings, then collecting, preserving, and certifying them as sacred scripture. It is the combination of the 27 books of the New Testament plus the books of the [[Old Testament]] that gives us [["Bible" in the Bible\|"the Bible."]] So the Bible was produced by the Catholic Church. Whoever relies on the Bible is relying on the teaching authority of the Catholic Church.

			:; DeLubac, ''Catholicism'', 48-49.

			:: The Church is not Catholic because she is spread abroad over the whole of the earth and can reckon on a large number of members. She was already Catholic on the morning of Pentecost, when all her members could be contained in a small room, as she was when the Arian waves seemed on the point of swamping her; she would still be Catholic if tomorrow apostasy on a vast scale deprived her of almost all the faithful. For fundamentally Catholicity has nothing to do with geography or statistics. If it is true that it should be displayed over all the earth and be manifest to all, yet its nature is not material but spiritual. Like sanctity, Catholicity is primarily an intrinsic feature of the Church.

	== References ==		== References ==

Catholicism - Revision history

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