http://www.mysql.com

/var/lib/mysql/ 
/var/run/mysqld/

/usr/bin/mysqld_safe 
/usr/libexec/mysqld 

--basedir=/usr 
--datadir=/var/lib/mysql 
--log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log 
--socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock 
--pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid 
--user=mysql 
port 3306
mysql -S/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock -ptest

service mysqld restart
service mysqld status -- returns Process ID
find / -name mysql.sock
ls -l /var/run
netstat -a | grep mysqld
cat /root/.mysql_history|more

/usr/libexec/mysqld --skip-grant-tables --user=mysql 
	--skip-grant-tables  -- start demon; supposed to allow universal access

******* THIS WORKED! **************
/usr/bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql --socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid --datadir=/var/lib/mysql --skip-grant-tables --skip-networking &
	This lets me connect to mysql.

/usr/bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql --socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid --datadir=/var/lib/mysql --skip-networking &

/usr/bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql --skip-name-resolve --skip-host-cache &
/usr/bin/mysqld_safe --debug=d,general,query &

 /usr/libexec/mysqld --skip-name-resolve &
 
mysql> update user set password=PASSWORD("sitepassword") where User='root';
mysql> SET PASSWORD FOR root@localhost=PASSWORD('sitepassword');

mysqladmin -u root password sitepassword
mysqladmin --no-defaults -u root version

mysql -u root --password='sitepassword' 
mysql -uroot -psitepassword


*** mysql_install_db --user=mysql
  This may have been stupid.  user=root might
  have been smarter.  I think this is where a lot
  of my troubles came from.  Maybe.

/usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'sitepassword'
/usr/bin/mysqladmin --socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock -u root password 'sitepassword'
/usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root -h tighar password 'sitepassword'
/usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root -h 138.92.13.17 password 'sitepassword'

Alternatively you can run:

   /usr/bin/mysql_secure_installation

which will also give you the option of removing the test databases and anonymous user created by default. This is strongly recommended for production servers.

UPDATE mysql.user SET Password=PASSWORD('sitepassword') WHERE User='root';
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

SET PASSWORD FOR 'root'@'localhost' = PASSWORD('sitepassword'); 

MYSQL CREATE USER
-----------------
create user newuser identified by 'mpassword' 
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'newuser'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'mpassword' WITH GRANT OPTION;
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'newuser'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'mpassword' WITH GRANT OPTION;

"mysqladmin: connect to server at 'localhost' failed"
"ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: NO)"
"'Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock'"
"BHost 'localhost' is not allowed to connect to this MySQL serverConnection"

This is a puzzler. I've solved it several times–and then caused it again. “I'm not all done with stupid yet. There's more where that came from.”

Sometimes I've had it when calling mysql from a terminal, other times with phpMyAdmin.

• make sure port 3306 is open
• have right sock location set in configuration files
• for phpMyAdmin, use a browser that does not capitalize my name (!). This is a new one for me. Firefox changes “moleski” to “Moleski” for me–so nice! But the login form for phpMyAdmin is Case SensiTive.
• make sure ownership and permissions are ok for phpmyadmin.

The mysqld log gives some helpful information about what it thinks it is doing:

090704 19:01:52  InnoDB: Started; log sequence number 0 43655
090704 19:01:52 [Note] /usr/libexec/mysqld: ready for connections.
Version: '5.0.77'  socket: '/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock'  port: 3306  Source distribution
090704 23:05:33 [Note] /usr/libexec/mysqld: Normal shutdown

phpmyadmin config.inc.php

$cfg['Servers'][$i]['host'] = 'localhost';
$cfg['Servers'][$i]['connect_type'] = 'tcp';
$cfg['Servers'][$i]['socket'] = '/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock';
$cfg['Servers'][$i]['auth_type'] = 'cookie';
$cfg['Servers'][$i]['extension'] = 'mysqli';

cd /usr/local/mysql/backup

mysqldump --password= ... --add-drop-database --all-databases > 2010-06-11.txt

mysqldump --password= ... --add-drop-database --all-databases --xml > file.xml