Building Your Own Website from the Ground Up

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What is a Website?

  • A website consists of one or more "pages" that may be accessed by a web browser.
  • A web browser is a piece of software that runs on your local computer but shows content from a website hosted on a web server.
  • A web server is a computer located at a particular address on the internet that is configured to respond to requests from web browsers and provide "pages" of content.
  • A web server consists of hardware that provides data storage, connection to the internet, and computing power (Central Processing Unit [CPU] cycles plus RAM).
  • Most web servers are "virtual machines." They share hard disks, internet connections, CPU cycles, and RAM with many other websites. The real hardware is split up into pieces of the hard disk, CPU time, and memory so that websites take turns using the system resources.
  • The two most popular flavors of web server software are linux and Windows Server.
  • An "IP address" is an "Internet Protocol address," a unique number that identifies a computer on a network; the whole internet is nothing but a set of uniquely identified computers that can send packets of information to each other by means of their IP addresses.
  • A page is a handy metaphor for "everything we see on our computer screen in response to a request we made of a server through our browser." The metaphor must not be pressed too closely; the content displayed in a browser by a server can be much more subtle and dynamic than a piece of paper or a page in a book.
A browser sends requests to websites.
Websites return "pages" to browsers.

What is a Domain Name?

  • A Domain Name is a human-readable alias for an IP address that is used in a URL.
  • You may build a website without a domain name. You would then distribute the IP Address in your URLs for the site. If you want to have a domain name, you must purchase the rights to a name from a Domain Name Registrar.
  • A URL is a "Universal Resource Locator" (or "Uniform Resource Locator") that allows a browser to connect to a particular part ("page") of a website.
URL Protocol Separator Domain Name or IP Address Specific "page"
http://moleski.net/cac/Building_Your_Own_Website_from_the_Ground_Up http :// moleski.net /cac/Building_Your_Own_Website_from_the_Ground_Up
https://www.amazon.com/gp/css/homepage.html?ie=UTF8&ref_=topnav_ya https :// www.amazon.com /gp/css/homepage.html?ie=UTF8&ref_=topnav_ya
mailto:moleski@canisius.edu mailto : moleski@canisius.edu
ftp://ftp.isc.org/usenet/news.announce.newgroups/ ftp :// ftp.isc.org /usenet/news.announce.newgroups/
alt://altwww.net alt :// altwww.net

"While IPv4 allows 32 bits for an IP address, and therefore has 232 (4,294,967,296) possible addresses, IPv6 uses 128-bit addresses, for an address space of 2128 (approximately 340 undecillion or 3.4×1038) addresses."[1]

Note well: In order to have your domain name point to your web server, you must correctly fill out the records for your ISP's name server!

How do I design a web page?

Static

  • HTML: HyperText Markup Language.
  • css: Cascading Style Sheets.
HTML editors:

Dynamic

Databases
Scripts
  • PHP: Personal Hypertext Processor
  • cgi: Common Gateway Interface
  • Perl: A general purpose unix scripting language.
  • javascript: Browser-side scripting language.
  • AJAX: Asynchronous Javascript and XML.]
    • XML: Extensible Markup Language used to manage datasets.

Content management systems

e-mail setup

ISPs

To develop your own website, you need to purchase storage and bandwidth from an Internet Service Provider (ISP).

References

  1. ↑ Wikipedia, "IPv6."

Links

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